Tools

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• AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. 

World Health Organization. (1982). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test.

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• DAST: Drug Abuse Screening Test.

The Addiction Research Foundation. (1982). The Drug Abuse Screening Test.

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• POSIT: Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers.

National Institute on Drug Abuse. (1991). The Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers.

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• CRAFFT: Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Family or Friends, Trouble (for adolescents).

Knight, J. R., Sherritt, L., Shrier, L. A., Harris, S. K., & Chang, G. (2002). Validity of the CRAFFT substance abuse screening test among adolescent clinic patients. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 156(6), 607-614.

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• ASSIST: Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Abuse Involvement Screening Test.

World Health Organization. (2002). The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST): development, reliability and feasibility. Addiction, 97(9), 1183-94.

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• GAIN or GAIN-SS: Global Appraisal of Individual Needs.

Dennis, M. L., & Rourke, K. M. (1998). Global appraisal of individual needs. Bloomington, IL: Chestnut Health Systems.

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• 4P’s Plus Screening Tool for Pregnancy.

About the 4P's Plus — NTI Upstream

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1. Chasnoff IJ. Screening for substance use in pregnancy: A practical approach for the primary care physician. American Journal of Obstet Gynecol. 2001; 184:752-8.

2. Chasnoff IJ, Hung WC. The 4P’s Plus© Screen for Substance Use in Pregnancy. Chicago, IL: NTI Upstream, 2002.

3. Chasnoff IJ, McGourty RF, Bailey GF, et al. The 4P’s Plus© Screen for Substance Use in Pregnancy:Clinical Application and Outcomes. Journal of Perinatology. 2005;25:368-374.

4. Chasnoff IJ, Wells A, McGourty RF, Bailey LK. Validation of the 4P’s Plus© Screen for Substance Use in Pregnancy. Journal of Perinatology, 2007;27:744-748.

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